Peace Lily

Basic Information

Common Name: Peace Lily

Scientific Name: Spathiphyllum wallisii

Native Habitat: Tropical rainforests of Central and South America, particularly in countries like Colombia and Venezuela.

History / Discovery / Cultivator

The Peace Lily, Spathiphyllum wallisii, boasts a compelling history deeply intertwined with its lush, tropical origins. The genus Spathiphyllum comes from the Greek words “spathe” (a leaf-like bract) and “phyllum” (leaf), aptly describing the plant’s characteristic, elegant, white spathe that surrounds its flower spike (the spadix). The specific epithet, wallisii, honors Gustav Wallis, a German plant collector who is credited with discovering the species in Colombia in the 19th century. Wallis was a prolific collector of flora, sending numerous plant specimens back to Europe. His meticulous observations and tireless efforts contributed significantly to the botanical knowledge of the time, and in this case, gifted the world this elegant and easily-cultivated plant.

The Peace Lily’s journey from the rainforest floor to the domestic spaces of countless homes is a story of adaptation and appreciation. While its natural habitat is the humid, shaded understory of tropical forests, its adaptable nature has made it a favorite houseplant globally. The plant thrives in environments that mimic its natural setting, and its ability to tolerate low light conditions makes it a relatively easy plant to cultivate indoors.

The popularity of the Peace Lily surged in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, owing to a combination of factors. Its graceful appearance, with its arching leaves and striking white spathes, contributed to its aesthetic appeal. The plant’s air-purifying qualities, as recognized by NASA studies, further bolstered its appeal, solidifying its place as a popular choice for both seasoned plant enthusiasts and novice gardeners. Additionally, the relative ease of care made it an attractive option for people with busy lives who wanted to bring a touch of nature into their homes without dedicating extensive time or resources to plant care. Various cultivars have emerged, each with subtle differences in size, leaf shape, and flower production. These cultivars continue to broaden the appeal of this beloved species. The plant is generally propagated by division of the root ball or by repotting into separate containers. The Peace Lily’s enduring popularity is a testament to its beauty and relative ease of care, making it a beloved staple in homes and offices around the world.

Plant Care Summary

Botanical Insights

Adaptations

The Peace Lily has several interesting adaptations that allow it to thrive in its native environment and, consequently, in the home. One of its key adaptations is its ability to tolerate low light conditions. In the shaded understory of the rainforest, this plant has evolved to capture the limited sunlight available. Its large, dark green leaves maximize light absorption. The plant’s ability to droop its leaves when thirsty is another noteworthy adaptation; this serves as a visual cue for the plant’s needs, allowing the caregiver to quickly identify the necessity for watering. The Peace Lily’s preference for high humidity is also an adaptation to its rainforest origins, where humidity levels are consistently high. The plant also exhibits the unique trait of “self-cleaning” its leaves by shedding dust and debris through a natural process that contributes to its aesthetic appeal and aids in light absorption. Additionally, the plant’s production of a distinctive white spathe helps attract pollinators in its native habitat.

Propagation Methods

Peace Lilies are easily propagated through division. This is often done during repotting. Carefully separate the root ball into smaller sections, ensuring each section has leaves and healthy roots. Each section can then be planted in its own pot with fresh potting mix. Alternatively, the plant can be propagated through water propagation. Cuttings with several leaves are taken, placed in water, and allowed to develop roots before being potted into soil.

Toxicology

Peace Lilies contain calcium oxalate crystals. If ingested by humans or pets, these crystals can cause irritation to the mouth, throat, and digestive system. Symptoms may include burning, swelling, and difficulty swallowing. Ingestion can cause excessive drooling, vomiting, and loss of appetite in cats and dogs. The severity of symptoms depends on the amount ingested, and it is advisable to contact a doctor or veterinarian if significant amounts are ingested.

Common Problems

Pests:

• Spider mites
• Mealybugs
• Aphids

Diseases:

• Root rot (caused by overwatering)
• Leaf spot (caused by fungal infections)
• Anthracnose

Other:

• Yellowing leaves: Usually caused by overwatering or insufficient light.
• Brown leaf tips: Can be caused by dry air, low humidity, or buildup of mineral salts from tap water.
• Failure to bloom: Insufficient light or over-fertilization can hinder flower production.

Rarity & Value

Rarity:

While the Spathiphyllum wallisii itself is not particularly rare as a species, certain cultivars with unique characteristics can command higher prices. Rare variegations, which are more difficult to propagate and maintain, can be considered more valuable. The ease of propagation also means that there is a steady supply.

Value:

The market value of a Peace Lily is affected by a number of factors. Healthy plants with a good shape and form are naturally more valuable. Size is another significant factor; larger, mature plants are often priced higher. The presence of multiple blooms also increases the value. Certain desirable cultivars, such as variegated varieties or those with unusual leaf shapes, can command higher prices due to their novelty. Market trends and overall demand play a significant role. Currently, the Peace Lily is still relatively affordable and easily accessible in garden centers.