Raven ZZ Plant

Basic Information

Common Name: Raven ZZ Plant
Scientific Name: Zamioculcas zamiifolia ‘Raven’
Native Habitat: East Africa (specifically, the dry grasslands and rocky areas of eastern Africa, including Tanzania and Zanzibar)

History / Discovery / Cultivator

The ‘Raven’ cultivar of *Zamioculcas zamiifolia* is a relatively recent addition to the world of houseplants, celebrated for its striking, near-black foliage. Unlike the original *Zamioculcas zamiifolia*, commonly known as the ZZ plant, which features bright green leaves, the ‘Raven’ variety showcases a dramatic transformation in leaf color as it matures. The leaves emerge a vibrant green before deepening into a rich, dark purple and eventually turning nearly black.

While the exact origins of the ‘Raven’ cultivar are somewhat shrouded in commercial obscurity, it’s understood to have been developed through selective propagation, likely by a plant nursery or horticulturalist looking to capitalize on the aesthetic appeal of a darker-leaved ZZ plant. The dark coloration is a result of increased pigment production in the leaves, allowing it to better absorb sunlight.

The ZZ plant itself, from which the ‘Raven’ is derived, hails from the tropical regions of East Africa, specifically Tanzania and Zanzibar. In its natural habitat, it thrives in arid conditions, making it a resilient plant known for its tolerance of drought and neglect. This adaptability is one of the reasons why the ZZ plant, including the ‘Raven’ cultivar, has become so popular as a houseplant globally.

The exact timeline of the cultivar’s introduction and the specific individuals involved in its initial cultivation and propagation remain less documented than other popular plant varieties. However, the ‘Raven’ has quickly gained popularity within the houseplant community. It is often found in various plant nurseries that specialize in trendy and unusual foliage plants. The dark coloration of the leaves makes the ‘Raven’ ZZ plant an attractive option for interiors because it contrasts so beautifully with lighter coloured backgrounds. Its ability to thrive indoors with minimal care only adds to its popularity, especially for people who are relatively new to plant parenthood.

The cultivation and propagation of the ‘Raven’ cultivar is similar to the original ZZ plant and involves dividing rhizomes, taking stem cuttings, or even leaf cuttings. However, the striking, almost-black color makes the ‘Raven’ a very sought-after plant. As with other plants, it is best to use well-draining soil and to avoid overwatering.

Plant Care Summary

Botanical Insights

Adaptations

The Raven ZZ plant, like its parent species, *Zamioculcas zamiifolia*, has several impressive adaptations that enable it to thrive in challenging environments. The most notable are its succulent-like rhizomes, which are underground, potato-like structures that store water. This is a key adaptation to survive extended periods of drought, common in its native East African habitat. Its thick, waxy leaves also help reduce water loss through transpiration. The dark coloration of the ‘Raven’ cultivar may also aid in absorbing more sunlight in less-than-ideal light conditions.

Propagation Methods

The Raven ZZ plant is typically propagated through several methods. Division is a very effective method, as the plant naturally produces rhizomes. These can be separated carefully and replanted. Stem cuttings, taken from healthy stems, are another option. Leaf cuttings, although slower, can also be used; simply allow the leaf to callous over and then plant it in soil, keeping the soil moist but not waterlogged. Regardless of the propagation method, patience is needed, as the plant grows slowly.

Toxicology

The Raven ZZ plant contains calcium oxalate crystals, which are mildly toxic if ingested by humans or pets (dogs, cats). If ingested, it can cause oral irritation, excessive drooling, vomiting, and difficulty swallowing. Keep the plant out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion and consult a veterinarian or physician if consumption is suspected.

Common Problems

Pests:

• Mealybugs
• Spider mites
• Scale

Diseases:

• Root rot (due to overwatering)
• Fungal leaf spots (due to poor air circulation or overly humid conditions)

Other:

• Leaf yellowing: Often a sign of overwatering or insufficient light.
• Browning tips: Can result from low humidity or inconsistent watering.
• Leggy growth: Occurs when the plant isn’t getting enough light.

Rarity & Value

Rarity:

The ‘Raven’ ZZ plant isn’t exceptionally rare in the current houseplant market, however, its availability can vary depending on the season and the grower. Its value is not solely determined by its rarity, but instead, by factors such as size, maturity, and the overall aesthetic appeal of the specimen, including the depth and consistency of its dark leaf color.

Value:

The market value of a ‘Raven’ ZZ plant is influenced by several factors. Larger, more mature plants are generally more valuable. Specimens with deep, consistent black foliage are highly desirable. The quality of the plant’s health, including the absence of pests or diseases, also impacts its value. Current trends in the plant collecting world, as well as the provenance (e.g., a reputable grower) can affect pricing as well.