Black Fang Eyelash Begonia
Basic Information
Common Name: Black Fang Eyelash Begonia
Scientific Name: Begonia bowerae ‘Black Fang’
Native Habitat: Mexico (specifically, Oaxaca)
History / Discovery / Cultivator
Begonia bowerae ‘Black Fang’ is a cultivar of Begonia bowerae, a species native to the state of Oaxaca in southern Mexico. Begonia bowerae itself was discovered and named after Constance Bower, a plant enthusiast, by Ziesenh in 1948. The plant’s popularity stemmed from its relatively easy care and distinctive foliage. The ‘Black Fang’ cultivar is a more recent development, prized for its dramatic, almost black markings along the leaf edges, resembling fangs. It is characterized by its compact size, typically reaching a height and spread of 6-12 inches, making it a popular choice for terrariums, small containers, and indoor gardens.
The exact origin and individual or nursery responsible for cultivating ‘Black Fang’ aren’t widely documented, which is typical for many cultivars developed within the horticultural trade. Cultivars often arise from spontaneous mutations or targeted breeding programs. The “Black Fang” epithet likely refers to the sharp, tooth-like appearance of the dark margins on the leaves. While the specific breeder remains elusive, its introduction to the market reflects the continuing interest in Begonia bowerae and the desire for unique variations within the species. The rise in popularity of Begonia bowerae ‘Black Fang’ can be attributed to its striking appearance coupled with the broader trend of collecting unique and unusual houseplants. The plant’s adaptability to indoor environments and ease of propagation further contribute to its widespread appeal. Its dark, almost gothic aesthetic distinguishes it from other begonias and appeals to collectors seeking something out of the ordinary. The plant’s value is derived from its aesthetic appeal, ease of care, and relative scarcity compared to more common Begonia cultivars. As interest in rare and unusual plants continues to grow, the ‘Black Fang’ is sure to remain a sought-after cultivar among plant enthusiasts. It’s a testament to the ongoing process of cultivation and selection that creates new and exciting variations within the plant kingdom.
Plant Care Summary
| Category | General Requirement | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Light | Bright, indirect | Avoid direct sunlight, which can scorch the leaves. |
| Water | Moderate | Allow the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. Avoid overwatering. |
| Humidity | High | Prefers high humidity; consider a humidifier or pebble tray. |
| Temp. Range | 65-75°F (18-24°C) | Avoid temperatures below 60°F (15°C). |
| Soil Type | Well-draining | Use a well-draining potting mix, such as one formulated for begonias or African violets. |
| Fertilizer | Balanced, liquid | Feed with a diluted balanced liquid fertilizer every 2-4 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). |
| Toxicity | Toxic | Toxic to cats and dogs if ingested, causing oral irritation, excessive drooling, and vomiting. |
Botanical Insights
Adaptations
Begonia bowerae ‘Black Fang’ exhibits several adaptations that make it well-suited to its natural environment and its role as a popular houseplant. As a native of the understory of Mexican forests, it thrives in shaded environments, which is why it prefers bright, indirect light. Its rhizomatous growth habit allows it to spread horizontally across the forest floor, seeking out optimal conditions. The “Black Fang” cultivar’s dark leaf margins may provide some protection from intense light by reducing the amount of chlorophyll in those areas, preventing damage. Indoors, the plant tolerates lower light conditions than many other plants, making it adaptable to various home environments. Its succulent stems and leaves allow it to store water, enabling it to withstand periods of drought. Additionally, the textured surface of the leaves may aid in capturing moisture from the air, supplementing its water uptake. The plant’s relatively compact size makes it a suitable candidate for terrariums and other small spaces, where it can benefit from the increased humidity.
Propagation Methods
Begonia bowerae ‘Black Fang’ can be readily propagated using several methods:
- Rhizome Division: The easiest method is to divide the rhizome when repotting. Ensure each division has at least one growth point (leaf node) and roots. Plant the divisions in fresh potting mix.
- Leaf Cuttings: Begonia leaves can be used for propagation. Cut a healthy leaf into wedges, ensuring each wedge includes a section of the leaf vein. Place the wedges on top of moist sphagnum moss or perlite in a humid environment (e.g., a covered container or propagation tray). Roots and plantlets will form at the cut edges.
- Stem Cuttings: Stem cuttings can be taken from healthy stems with several leaves. Remove the lower leaves and place the cutting in water or directly into moist potting mix. Keep the cutting in a humid environment until roots develop.
Toxicology
Begonia bowerae ‘Black Fang’ contains soluble calcium oxalates, which make it toxic to both humans and pets if ingested. The highest concentration of these oxalates is found in the roots and stems. When ingested, the oxalates can cause immediate irritation and burning in the mouth, throat, and esophagus. Symptoms in humans may include excessive drooling, difficulty swallowing, and a hoarse voice. Contact with the skin can also cause irritation and dermatitis in sensitive individuals. In pets, particularly cats and dogs, ingestion of Begonia bowerae ‘Black Fang’ can lead to similar symptoms, including oral irritation, excessive drooling, vomiting, and difficulty swallowing. In severe cases, the oxalates can cause kidney damage. If ingestion is suspected, it is crucial to rinse the mouth thoroughly and seek veterinary attention immediately for pets. Keep this plant out of reach of children and pets.
Common Problems
Pests:
- Mealybugs
- Spider mites
- Aphids
Diseases:
- Botrytis blight (Grey mold)
- Powdery mildew
- Root rot
Other:
- Leaf yellowing: Often caused by overwatering, underwatering, or nutrient deficiencies.
- Browning tips: Can result from low humidity, dry air, or fertilizer burn.
- Stem rot: Caused by excessively wet soil or poor drainage.
Rarity & Value
Rarity:
While Begonia bowerae itself is not considered rare, the ‘Black Fang’ cultivar possesses a degree of scarcity due to its specific characteristics and limited propagation in comparison to standard Begonia bowerae. Its unique leaf markings and relatively slow growth rate contribute to its limited availability. Its rarity is also influenced by demand from collectors of unusual and dark foliage plants.
Value:
The value of a Begonia bowerae ‘Black Fang’ specimen depends on several factors: size, maturity, and the intensity of the black “fangs” on the leaves. Larger, more mature plants with well-defined and consistently dark markings command higher prices. The plant’s overall health and presentation also contribute to its value. Collectors are often willing to pay a premium for healthy, well-maintained specimens with striking foliage. Current trends in plant collecting, particularly the interest in rare and unusual begonias, also influence the market value of ‘Black Fang’.
