Philodendron Melanochrysum
Basic Information
Common Name: Philodendron Melanochrysum
Scientific Name: Philodendron melanochrysum
Native Habitat: Colombia, South America
History / Discovery / Cultivator
Philodendron melanochrysum, often called the “Black Gold Philodendron,” originates from the wet tropical forests of Colombia, South America. Its discovery and subsequent introduction to the world of horticulture are not precisely documented with a single named discoverer. It’s more likely that indigenous peoples in Colombia were aware of the plant long before Western botanists. The formal scientific description and classification would have come later, potentially by a botanist exploring the region.
The plant’s allure lies in its velvety, heart-shaped leaves that mature from a lighter bronze or copper color to a deep, almost black, green with striking golden veins. This dramatic transformation has captivated plant enthusiasts worldwide.
While specific details on early cultivation and popularization are scarce, it’s safe to assume that botanical gardens and specialized nurseries played a crucial role in propagating and distributing Philodendron melanochrysum. These institutions likely recognized the plant’s aesthetic appeal and horticultural potential early on. Collectors and hobbyists then further spread its popularity, especially in the latter half of the 20th century and continuing into the 21st.
The increasing popularity of indoor plants and the rise of social media have undoubtedly contributed to the current high demand for Philodendron melanochrysum. Plant collectors actively seek out well-grown specimens with vibrant, mature foliage. Today, propagation techniques have improved, making it more accessible than it once was, but large, established plants still command premium prices due to their striking appearance and relatively slow growth.
The plant’s journey from the Colombian rainforest to homes and collections around the globe highlights the enduring appeal of unique and visually stunning plants. Its captivating foliage continues to make it a highly sought-after specimen for both seasoned plant enthusiasts and newcomers to the world of indoor gardening. The plant’s natural beauty, combined with its relatively challenging (though not impossible) care requirements, contribute to its prestigious status among aroids.
Plant Care Summary
| Category | General Requirement | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Light | Bright Indirect | Avoid direct sunlight to prevent leaf burn. |
| Water | Moderate | Allow the top inch of soil to dry out before watering. Avoid overwatering. |
| Humidity | High | Prefers humidity levels of 60-80%. Use a humidifier or pebble tray. |
| Temp. Range | 65-80°F (18-27°C) | Avoid exposing to temperatures below 60°F (15°C). |
| Soil Type | Well-draining Aroid Mix | A mix of potting soil, perlite, and orchid bark is ideal. |
| Fertilizer | Balanced Liquid Feed | Feed every 2-4 weeks during the growing season (spring/summer). |
| Toxicity | Toxic | Contains calcium oxalate crystals, causing oral irritation and discomfort if ingested. |
Botanical Insights
Adaptations
Philodendron melanochrysum, as an epiphytic climber, possesses adaptations typical of rainforest plants. Its aerial roots allow it to attach to trees, providing support and access to sunlight in the dense understory. The velvety texture of its leaves is thought to aid in capturing moisture from the humid air. Its dark coloration helps with efficient light absorption in the lower light conditions of its native environment. The plant’s vining habit allows it to reach brighter light conditions higher up in the canopy as it matures.
Propagation Methods
The most common and effective propagation method for Philodendron melanochrysum is through stem cuttings. Cuttings with at least one node (where a leaf emerges) can be rooted in water or directly in a well-draining potting mix. Air layering is another option, especially for larger plants. This involves creating a wound on the stem, wrapping it in moist sphagnum moss, and covering it with plastic until roots develop. Once rooted, the stem can be cut below the roots and potted.
Toxicology
Philodendron melanochrysum is toxic to humans and pets due to the presence of calcium oxalate crystals. If ingested, these crystals can cause immediate pain and swelling in the mouth, lips, and tongue. This can lead to difficulty swallowing and speaking. In pets, symptoms may also include excessive drooling, vomiting, and pawing at the mouth. While rarely life-threatening, ingestion requires immediate attention, typically involving rinsing the mouth and seeking medical or veterinary advice.
Common Problems
Pests:
- Spider mites
- Thrips
- Mealybugs
- Aphids
Diseases:
- Root rot (caused by overwatering)
- Fungal leaf spots
Other:
- Leaf yellowing: Often caused by overwatering, underwatering, nutrient deficiency, or insufficient light.
- Browning tips: Can be caused by low humidity, inconsistent watering, or fertilizer burn.
- Slow growth: Can be attributed to insufficient light, inadequate fertilization, or improper soil conditions.
Rarity & Value
Rarity:
Philodendron melanochrysum is considered relatively rare due to its slow growth, the length of time it takes for it to mature, and its native origin’s limited geography. While propagation has become more widespread, large, mature specimens with well-developed, deeply colored leaves remain highly sought after by collectors.
Value:
The value of Philodendron melanochrysum depends on several factors. Larger, more mature plants with substantial foliage will command higher prices. The quality and vibrancy of the leaf coloration are also important; specimens with rich, dark green leaves and prominent golden veins are particularly desirable. Provenance and the reputation of the seller can also influence value, as can current trends in the plant collecting community. Rare and unusual plants generally fetch higher prices due to scarcity.
